His play The Beard provoked numerous censorship battles, in Los Angeles, the cast was arrested after each performance for fourteen nights in a row. The occasion of the poem is a record of Michael McClure's first experimentation with the hallucinatory drug peyote, a form of mescaline used by some North American Indian tribes in religious . Michael McClure, who at 22 helped usher in the Beat movement as part of a famed poetry reading at the Six Gallery in San Francisco, then went on to a long and varied career as a poet, playwright, novelist and lyricist, died on Monday at his home in Oakland, Calif. At the end of that third performance on August 8, 1966only the fifth time the play had been performed in publicthe San Francisco Police Department raided the venue and arrested actors Billie Dixon (Jean) and Richard Bright (Billy). The painis many pointed, without anguish.Light changes the room from yellows to violet!The dark brown space behind the door is preciousintimate, silent and still. Intimacies! Later The Beard received Obies in N.Y.C. Rare Book & Manuscript Library. Peter Fonda). A London reviewer wrote, McClures West Coast delivery was deliberate, cool, spacious The Journal-World in Lawrence Kansas wrote of McClure at the William Burroughs celebration, McClure looked cool. I am friendly with the achein my belly. Anyone can read what you share. McClure performed spoken word poetry concerts with Doors keyboardist Ray Manzarek until the latter's death in 2013; several albums of their work have been released. To be sure, there are shocking bursts of toxic masculinity in, for example, The Mad Cub, but I feel like the frenzied, even abject eroticism of Dark Brownis it the first major American poem to feature analingus?successfully undermines such retrograde ideology. Read Poem 2. The Rolling Stone, One of our best and wisest bard/scholars. Included in. On Oct. 7, 1955, McClure gave his first-ever poetry reading at the now-defunct Six Gallery in San Francisco. After moving to San Francisco as a young man, he found fame as one of the five poets (including Allen Ginsberg) who read at the famous San Francisco Six Gallery reading in 1955 rendered in barely fictionalized terms in Jack Kerouac's The Dharma Bums. Allen Ginsberg, A flashpoint at the intersection of the spiritual and the real. Mr. McClure gave countless poetry readings over the decades, sometimes with a musical accompanist; Ray Manzarek, keyboardist of the Doors, was a frequent performing partner. I know all that there is to know. We work hard to protect your security and privacy. McClure worked extensively with his friend Ray Manzarek, the Doors keyboardist, at festivals, colleges and clubs. . He has published eight books of plays and four collections of essays, including essays on Bob Dylan and on environmental issues. McClures songs include Mercedes Benz, popularized by Janis Joplin and new songs which have been performed by The Twenty-first Century Doors. I PASS INTO THE ROOMthere is a golden bed radiating all lightthe air is full of silver hangings and sheathesI smile to myself. Educated at the Municipal University of Wichita (1951-1953), the University of Arizona (1953-1954) and San Francisco State College (B.A., 1955)[1][2] McClure's first book of poetry, Passage, was published in 1956 by small press publisher Jonathan Williams. He soon became a key member of the Beat Generation and is immortalized as "Pat McLear" in Kerouac's Big Sur. "[citation needed]. His most recent collections are Mysteriosos and other Poems (New Directions) and Of Indigo and Saffron: Selected and New Poems (University of California Press). McClure would later court controversy as a playwright with his play The Beard. There was a sweet submission in the power of their enormous legs (giant drumsticks). The San Francisco. An erotic serial poem in three major movements, Dark Brown finds McClure reveling in the freedom of expression newly won for poetry by Howl and Other Poems (1956), applying his philosophical monism to the union of self and other in the act of making love. His wife, Amy Evans McClure, said the cause was complications of a stroke he had last year. The Rolling Stone, Vanity Fair, the L.A. Times and San Francisco Chronicle have published his journalism. Then I turned and viewed across the darkening field and there was a huge flightless hunting fowl (the kind that ate mammals in the Pliocene). Dark hairand eyebrowsSWIRLin delighted delusionBIG MEMORIES OF PLEASUREenwrap a mindas substantial. Yet he grew warm, wending lyrical words around the air and across the hall, The coolness fell away with his simple elegance in word and presentation McClure was controlled and read with steady jazz rhythms, a perfect, minimal chart of spoken words.. On the one hand, Michaels poems never disappear visually, the way a left-justified poem arguably does. I. He received numerous awards, including a Guggenheim Fellowship, an Obie Award for Best Play, an NEA grant, the Alfred Jarry Award and a Rockefeller grant for playwriting. THERE ARE HILLS LIKE SHARKFINS and clods of mud. They'd say a few pages, I just typed it. His books of poetry include Jaguar Skies, Dark Brown, Huge Dreams, Rebel Lions, Mysteriosos, and Of Indigo and Saffron. The equating of Spirit with Meat Walls is an attempt to reintegrate the abstraction of mind with the physical body; as he writes in Wolf Net (1968), first published in Scratching the Beat Surface (1982), Brain cells, nerve cellslike any cellsare meat. Throughout his work he insists on such formulations to combat the alienation inherent in the more traditional Western humanist model of the duality of mind and body. Gentle David and even the bipolar Philip were easy, that is, the time between meeting them and becoming old pals felt infinitesimal. No Import Fees Deposit & $9.66 Shipping to Germany. There is an essence in fear overcome and I overcame fright in passing those zebras and this black Wildebeest. McClure was a popular, celebrated professor of English at the California College of Arts and Crafts (now renamed California College of the Arts), in Oakland, California, for many years. There is no hurry.I read the meanings of scratched walls and cracked ceilings.I am separate. I wasnt sure it was going to work, Snyder admitted, though he was won over by listening to his friend read aloud. My friends all have Porsches; I must make amends.. The poet is featured in Scorceses Last Waltz, in which his reading of a poem by Chaucer lilted, rolled, and seduced the audience into the lyric tonality of Middle English (Atlanta Poetry Review). That night at the Six Gallery greatly inspired us to go ahead.. Our mission is to get Southern California reading and talking. Eligible for Return, Refund or Replacement within 30 days of receipt, Poetry, Michael McClure has said, is not a system but is real events spoken of, or happening, in sounds. And for thirty years, whether in his early Dionysian lyrics or his evolving bio-alchemical wisdom, his work has shown a ferocious energy and driving physicality. A selection of his papers is held at the Bancroft Library of the University of California, Berkeley and at the Special Collections & Rare Books at Bennett Library, Simon Fraser University in British Columbia, Canada. DEATH IS COMPRISED OF DEEP BLUE TORTURESand filled with dark chocolate cake.Birth has gone with the lossesof endless imagination.A round brown leaf whirls at the tipof a spider thread. Follow authors to get new release updates, plus improved recommendations. McClure has also released CDs of his work with minimalist composer Terry Riley. A poet of and for our time, his own formal structuresthe shape of his poems and his highly charged breath-linenevertheless look back to the classics, to the Provenal troubadours, and to the Romantic verse of Blake, Keats, and Shelley. He has written more than 20 plays and musicals, several television documentaries, and the song Mercedes Benz, which was made famous by singer Janis Joplin. Mr. McClures play The Beard, first performed in 1965 in San Francisco, caused censorship uproars there and in other cities where it was staged over the next decade. [6][7], McClure said that he was inspired to write the play by a vision that came to him of a poster advertising a boxing match between Jean Harlow and Billy the Kid. Beat poet, playwright, novelist, and documentary filmmaker Michael McClure was born in Marysville, Kansas, and raised there and in Seattle. I figured I'd have to, and would be glad to, give twenty or thirty thousand for it Then the dream broke and I was standing somewhere with Joanna to the side of a crowd of people by a wall of masonry and I reached into my mouth and took from my jaw (all the other persons vanished and I was the center of everything) a piece which was eight teeth fused together. I thought it was a nature poem about mammal sexuality and mammal love. were overshadowed by the sixth man on the bill, Allen Ginsberg. His battles with the church arent over, How Palm Springs ran out Black and Latino families to build a fantasy for rich, white people, 17 SoCal hiking trails that are blooming with wildflowers (but probably not for long! He showed up from Wichita, with a couple of other poets from Wichita, Ferlinghetti said. It's the mystery of the hunt that intrigues me, That drives us like lemmings, but cautiously The search for a bright square cloudthe scent of lemon verbena Or to learn rules for the game the sea otters The stream was dimpled with flashing moonlight and I think it had a little song. With the Fillmore's high profile, the play attracted an audience of 700. Third Mind, a film of Michael and Rays conversations and performances, was premiered by the Sundance Channel. McClure, who died May 4 at 87 after suffering a stroke last year, was a countercultural figure who was present, Zelig-like, at key moments in San Francisco's Beat heyday and beyond. Unable to perform in the San Francisco area, the play moved to Los Angeles, where the play's attempt at a run was disrupted by the arrest of both Dixon and Bright at curtain down of fourteen consecutive performances. He has a cameo in Peter Fondas Hired Hand. He was 87.. Michael McClure discography and songs: Music profile for Michael McClure, born 20 October 1932. At age 22, Michael McClure gave his first poetry reading at the legendary Six Gallery event in San Francisco, where Allen Ginsberg first read Howl. At the age of 22 Michael McClure gave his first poetry reading at the legendary Six Gallery event in San Francisco, where Allen Ginsberg first read Howl. There is no Time! California College of the Arts for over 40 years. Ferlinghetti added that McClures death was such a surprise because I always thought of him as being so young. Ferlinghetti, the poet and co-founder of City Lights Bookstore in San Francisco, turned 101 in March. Michael McClure (born October 20, 1932) is an American poet, playwright, songwriter, and novelist. List prices may not necessarily reflect the product's prevailing market price. The bridge was dark from the shadows of the poplars and the evergreens there. Mr. McClure in 1972. Finding aid to Michael McClure papers at Columbia University. I asked Snyder whether Michael benefitted from his close relationship with a typesetter like Dave Haselwood, his childhood friend from Wichita. McClure's journalism has been featured in Rolling Stone, Vanity Fair, The L.A. Times and The San Francisco Chronicle. McClure has worked extensively with his old friend Ray Manzarek, the Doors keyboardist, at festivals and colleges and clubs. The Beard, a play that imagines an encounter between the Hollywood sex symbol Jean Harlow and the outlaw Billy the Kid, had Mr. McClure in the news a lot. McClures songs include Mercedes Benz, popularized by Janis Joplin. Even in the semi-darkness the softness of their brown feathers made curls pliant as a young mother's hair. 1996-2023, Amazon.com, Inc. or its affiliates. McClure's other plays include Josephine The Mouse Singer and VKTMS. Ferlinghetti supported the Beats, publishing their works, including Howl and Other Poems, but he doesnt consider himself a Beat poet. As Scalapino writes, though the vast majority of his poems over more than 60 years hew to the vertical centerline of the page, this arrangement is a sensitive instrument making different inventions in different poems. Sometimes the lines are all dead center, as in 100 Whales, but often enough they quiver around the meridian, deliberately imperfect and quite alive, in a way that centered fails to convey. Includes initial monthly payment and selected options. His many books of poetry include Jaguar Skies, Dark Brown, Huge Dreams, Rebel Lions, Rain Mirror and Plum Stones. The drama has played a role in U.S. censorship and free speech battles since it won the first lawsuit. One was two feet awayturned toward me looking me eye-into-eye. McClure's first book of poetry, Passage, was published in 1956 by small press publisher Jonathan Williams. and was warmly embraced in both London and Paris. McClures thinking is brave, obdurate, passionate, Customer Reviews, including Product Star Ratings help customers to learn more about the product and decide whether it is the right product for them.Learn more how customers reviews work on Amazon, [{"displayPrice":"$10.92","priceAmount":10.92,"currencySymbol":"$","integerValue":"10","decimalSeparator":".","fractionalValue":"92","symbolPosition":"left","hasSpace":false,"showFractionalPartIfEmpty":true,"offerListingId":"XSFkt%2B%2Fy%2F8J4dS8KU3gVEWTbpjoboW9GT2u6HFe5gAd5XyaByiBtm%2F1%2F8RpFVgkGcpvunlmZAQzvl%2BBZ%2BVMxgaRWtGXY0vn22Sgk4AG%2FBrIwb0bRvXAnYg7aAWvgU1Gt2XEgOnsQ4dY%3D","locale":"en-US","buyingOptionType":"NEW"}]. He has one daughter from his first marriage to Joanna McClure.). The play tells of a fictional encounter between Billy the Kid and Jean Harlow and is a theatrical exploration of his "Meat Politics" theory, in which all human beings are "bags of meat". I was his friend and editor at City Lights, and I knew he wasnt doing well, battling complications from a stroke the previous year. He said the same about McClure. YouTube. But the actual interview would be a combination of him talking and reading prewritten passages that formulated what he wanted to say with some precision. I am smiling. [9], McClure during the video taping of "Add-Verse", 2004, Learn how and when to remove this template message, "Time Out talks to beat poet Michael McClure ahead of the London revival of his play, Michael McClure, famed Beat poet who helped launch the SF Renaissance, dead at 87, Michael McClure & Ray Manzarek official website, "Add-Verse" a poetry-photo-video project McClure participated in, Photograph, Michael McClure, 1951, with David Haselwood and Lee Streiff, Wichita, KS, Records of Michael McClure are held by Simon Fraser University's Special Collections and Rare Books. McClure, who died May 4 at 87 after suffering a stroke last year, was a countercultural figure who was present, Zelig-like, at key moments in San Franciscos Beat heyday and beyond. onto a warm hood;and less intelligentthan the thinblackspider in the morning sinkbefore breakfast time. He had an eleven-year run as playwright-in-residence with San Francisco's Magic Theatre where his operetta "Minnie Mouse and the Tap-Dancing Buddha" had an extended run. He had leather pants, and I had leather pants. discoverer of the DNA double helix Francis Crick, This poetry is soulful freedom at play in the Desire-realm Gary Snyder, Without McClures roar there would have been no Sixties. Dennis Hopper, One of our best and wisest bard/scholars. The negation of self-consciousness inherent to this desired union between thought and action prefigures his increasing preoccupation with Eastern philosophical practices like Zen Buddhism, Taoism, and kundalini yoga, while his conception of brain cells as meat expresses itself through his interest in neuro- and molecular biology. Why is Frank McCourt really pushing it? Before he began to write, he went to the printer that created boxing posters in San Francisco and had the poster of his vision printed up. The death of Michael McClure, on May 4, 2020, caught me off-guard. Hawks with pale bellies perch on the cactus, their bodies are portholes to other dimensions. Michael McClure at his home in Oakland in 2010. I see all thereis to feel. He was so good-looking, he should have been a movie star instead of a poet, Lawrence Ferlinghetti told The Times by phone. He doesnt make that distinction, that theres the human world and there are the other beings in the world, Snyder said (and throughout our conversation, we couldnt help speaking of Michael in present tense). Michael McClure, who at 22 helped usher in the Beat movement as part of a famed poetry reading at the Six Gallery in San Francisco, then went on to a long and varied career as a poet,. But writing "O Lord, Won't You Buy Me a Mercedes . Anne Waldman, McClures poetry is a blob of protoplasmic energy. At twenty-two he gave his first poetry reading at the legendary Six Gallery event in San Francisco, where Allen Ginsberg first read. I visit among the peoples of myself and know all I need to know. In 1968, actor Rip Torn directed a notable production at The Royal Court Theatre and it has most recently been revived at a smaller venue, the Old Red Lion Theatre in 2006 under the direction of Nic Saunders with new music by Terry Riley. Imagine Norman Mailer mated with Gertrude Stein and you have the picture.. The majority of people insist on having a line drawn in their mind and in their writing between a human being and a nonhuman being. As he wrote in his 1963 poem The Child, Who were the lion men with faces of fur / and manes / who bent by my crib to bless me?. McClure created two television documentaries The Maze and September Blackberries. McClure is still active as a poet, essayist and playwright and lives with his second wife, Amy, in the San Francisco Bay Area. One of the poets readings was to, and with, four lions at the San Francisco Zoo a film of it is is sometimes shown on TV. For Mr. McClure, the event was also a proving ground for a concept. His books of poetry include Jaguar Skies, Dark Brown, Huge Dreams, Rebel Lions, Mysteriosos, and Of Indigo and Saffron. He felt an affinity with the Beat poets, but I really didnt see it. City Lights did publish McClures work, most recently Mephistos and Other Poems (2016). The poet Michael McClure, left, with Bob Dylan and Allen Ginsberg in San Francisco in 1965. Their tiny heads (in proportion to their bodies) were bent utterly submerged in their business and sweeping side to side as a salmon doesor as a wolf does but with a Pleistocene, self-involved gentleness beyond our ken. WE HAVE GONEGONE. It's the mystery of the hunt that intrigues me, That drives us like lemmings, but cautiously The search for a bright square cloudthe scent of lemon verbena Or to learn rules for the game the sea otters Play in the surf. Full content visible, double tap to read brief content. His audiences have ranged from an intimate dozen at a tiny Maui bookstore, to tens of thousands at San Franciscos Human Be-in in San Francisco, and to multitudes at Airlift Africa. I could feel the presence of Billy the Kid and Jean Harlow broadcasting from the beautiful poster to the back of my head out towards the ocean. citylights.com. The mind drifts through in the shape of a museum, in the guise of a museum dreaming dead friends: Jim, Tom, Emmet, Bill. McClure was forever curious about other forms of writing, publishing essay collections, novels and plays. I am a snake and a tiptoe feather at opposite ends of the scales as they balance themselves against each other. His fourteen books of poetry include Jaguar Skies, Dark Brown, Huge Dreams, Rebel Lions, Rain Mirror and Plum Stones. In the mid-1990s, somewhat incongruously, Mercedes-Benz used it in a commercial. With singers Janis Joplin and Bob Neuwirth, McClure wrote the song Mercedes Benz, in which Joplin sings, Oh, Lord, wont you buy me a Mercedes Benz? Poems are the property of their respective owners. The author turns his phrases around and around, he wrote, like animals wearily pacing up and down a sweating cage. The audience included more than a hundred ACLU-invited expert witnesses, including political activists, academics, writers and even members of the clergy. The pattern, the spirit, the fiery demon That link them together And pull their freedom into our senses, The smell of a shrub, a cloud, the action of animals The rising, the exuberance, when the mystery is unveiled. His many books of poetry include Jaguar Skies, Dark Brown, Huge Dreams, Rebel Lions, Rain Mirror and Plum Stones. Or else, knowing him was simply unlike knowing other poets Id known. I returned home and began to write. After moving to San Francisco as a young man, he found fame as one of the five poets (including Allen Ginsberg) who read at the famous San Francisco Six Gallery reading in 1955 rendered in barely ficti. His first public reading, at 22, "was overshadowed by the introduction of Howl by Allen Ginsberg," but McClure's career ultimately spanned more than 60 years, during which he . He wasnt arrested when it was performed as the writer, he was constitutionally protected but actors in several productions were, on charges including public lewdness. In her introduction to Michaels selected poems, Of Indigo and Saffron, Leslie Scalapino refers to his centering each line of a poem on the page without left or right border as his signature characteristic, and he would continue to favor this layout for the rest of his life. McClure recalled, "The actor and the actress actually got two standing ovations, one at the end of the play and the second when the police hauled them out of the door and into the waiting wagon and took them off to book them. WinterI will studythe whiteness of plum blossomsand look for knots in an old trunkat the edge of the forest firenear some deer bones. Brief content visible, double tap to read full content. Selected poems by Michael McClure . I read the meanings of scratched walls and cracked ceilings. Poetry doesn't pay. (Hes an accomplished, historically significant playwright but hes a legendary poet.) McClure reads with an actors command and a singers timing, his impact transports audiences to a very different and intriguing place. He has given hundreds of reading in venues as varied as the Fillmore Ballroom, Yale University, Stanford, The National Biodiversity Conference at the Smithsonian, and the Library of Congress. The play tells of a fictional encounter in the blue velvet of eternity between Billy the Kid and Jean Harlow and is a theatrical exploration of his "Meat Politics" theory, in which all human beings are "bags of meat." Albums include Classic Albums: The Doors, Love Lion, and The Last Waltz. That night Mr. Ginsberg premiered an early version of Howl, the landmark poem (I saw the best minds of my generation destroyed by madness) that became the defining work of the Beat generation. Ferlinghetti said he met McClure in the 1950s, when the latter was in his early 20s. The Spirit and Body are simultaneous, one tense, the Meat Walls are Spirit. His work as a novelist includes the autobiographical The Mad Cub and The Adept. Oh Lord, wont you buy me a Mercedes-Benz, the memorable lyrics, credited to all three, begin. https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Michael_McClure&oldid=1152187161, This page was last edited on 28 April 2023, at 18:49. His 1965 play The Beard, which depicts an imagined sexual encounter between Jean Harlow and Billy the Kid, gained notoriety when it was (unsuccessfully) brought to trial on charges of obscenity. The origin story of the famed reading varies depending on the teller, but Mr. McClure said he had initially been asked to organize the event. I would give him questions in advance and he would consider them and even write out responses. He recites a snippet of Chaucer from the stage. I figured Michael was one of those famous people for whom fame is a burden, even as he made shrewd use of it to advance his artistic endeavors. The birthplaceof Brahms. He made two television documentaries The Maze and September Blackberries and was featured in several films, including Martin Scorsese's The Last Waltz (1978), where he recites from The Canterbury Tales; Norman Mailer's Beyond the Law (1968); and, most prominently, Peter Fonda's The Hired Hand (1971). The pain in my stomach is warm and tender. A powerful collection of new work written during the last years of McClure's life, Mule Kick Blues was readied for publication before the poet's death in May 2020. The CD explores spontaneous music and voice (working together) expressing the outrageous and mystical in both artists. I KNOW EVERYTHING! Clear the senses bright sitting in the black chair Rocker the white walls reflecting the color of clouds moving over the sun. He started college there as well before switching to the University of Arizona, but an interest in art took him to San Francisco in 1954. Distinct. Michael McClure - 1932-2020. Michael McClure (October 20, 1932 - May 4, 2020) was an American poet, playwright, songwriter, and novelist.After moving to San Francisco as a young man, he found fame as one of the five poets (including Allen Ginsberg) who read at the famous San Francisco Six Gallery reading in 1955, which was rendered in barely fictionalized terms in Jack Kerouac's The Dharma Bums. I close my eyes in divinity and pain.I blink in solemnity and unsolemn joy.I smile at myself in my movements. The evening may have belonged to Mr. Ginsberg, but Mr. McClure had his own moments of fame and notoriety in the ensuing years. McClures, is the first major retrospective collection of a poet and Obie-winning playwright associated with the San Francisco Renaissance from its start as well as the early Beat movement. Then I found that on the bridge we were among a herd of black WildebeestsBlack Gnus. Enhancements you chose aren't available for this seller. A Buddhist, McClure experimented with poems that were self-conscious of the form itself. I see all. They were whiteIt was some new fossil. Michael, granted, was 80 by the time we started hanging out, older than either of them had been, though Id become fast friends with Richard O. Moore when he was 90, so Im not sure age was the determining factor. to see them back in life again. DEATH IS COMPRISED OF DEEP BLUE TORTURES. [3] Stan Brakhage, a friend of McClure, stated in the Chicago Review that: McClure always, and more and more as he grows older, gives his reader access to the verbal impulses of his whole body's thought (as distinct from simply and only brain-think, as it is with most who write). Over coffee with Mr. Ginsberg, whom he had met at a party, he lamented that he didnt have time because he and his first wife were expecting a child. (Hed quit drinking decades ago.) There are 0 customer reviews and 10 customer ratings. By the end of the week, Id been asked to write something on him, so I visited Amy at the home theyd shared, to borrow some books and take a hit from the bottle of Johnnie Walker Black hed long promised himself on his deathbed. He was 87 years old. McClure was a close friend of The Doors lead singer Jim Morrison and is generally acknowledged as having been responsible for promoting Morrison as a poet. McClures poetry combined spontaneity, typographical experimentation, Buddhist practice, and body language to merge the ecstatic and the corporeal. The day Michael was cremated, I read his copy of his autobiographical novel The Mad Cub (1970), on the second page of which he writes, I can hardly walk or hold a coffee cup I am so eaten by self-consciousness. I was struck by this sentence because it accorded so thoroughly with my sense of him. He invents a form for the cellular messages of his, a form which will feel as if it were organic on the page; and he sticks with it across his life [4]. Genres: Beat Poetry. He lived in another world.. He was 87. He was 87. We both looked, holding hands, and I felt your wide-eyed drinking-in of things. A second performance followed at Bill Graham's Fillmore Auditorium on the July 24, 1966. He took part in the storied San Francisco reading where Allen Ginsberg unveiled a version of Howl. He went on to have his own moments of fame and notoriety. He spent much of his childhood in Seattle but returned to Kansas with his mother and stepfather, finishing high school in Wichita. Michael, perhaps enviably, due to the unique status the beat generation occupies in American letters, has a more civilian audience, amateurs and non-practitioners, fans who appreciate art for its own sake rather as grist for their own practice and he still put up good poetry numbers in terms of sales.

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